参考文献/References:
[1] PARIK KIM H R B,GDOWSKI A,PATT D A,HERTLER A,MERMEL C,BEKELMAN J E.Using big data and predictive analytics to determine patient risk in oncology[J].Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book,2019,39:e53-e58.
[2] WONG Z S Y,ZHOU J,ZHANG Q.Artificial intelligence for infectious disease big data analytics[J].Infect Dis Health,2019,24(1):44-48.
[3] KIM H E,KIM H H,HAN B K,KIM K H,HAN K,NAM H,et al.Changes in cancer detection and false-positive recall in mammography using artificial intelligence:a retrospective,multireader study[J].Lancet Digit Health,2020,2(3):e138-e148.
[4] ESTEVA A,KUPREL B,NOVOA R A,KO J,SWETTER S M,BLAU H M,et al.Dermatologist-level classification of skin cancer with deep neural networks[J].Nature,2017,542(7639):115-118.
[5] KERMANY D S,GOLDBAUM M,CAI W,VALENTIM C C S,LIANG H,BAXTER S L,et al.Identifying medical diagnoses and treatable diseases by image-based deep learning[J].Cell,2018,172(5):1122-1131.
[6] LIU X,FAES L,KALE A U,WAGNER S K,FU D J,BRUYNSEELS A,et al.A comparison of deep learning performance against health-care professionals in detecting diseases from medical imaging:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Lancet Digit Health,2019,1(6):e271-e297.
[7] MCKINNEY S M,SIENIEK M,GODBOLE V,GODWIN J,ANTROPOVA N,ASHRAFIAN H,et al.International evaluation of an AI system for breast cancer screening[J].Nature,2020,577(7788):89-94.
[8] ARCADU F,BENMANSOUR F,MAUNZ A,WILLIS J,HASKOVA Z,PRUNOTTO M.Deep learning algorithm predicts diabetic retinopathy progression in individual patients[J].NPJ Digit Med,2019,2:92.
[9] YIM J,CHOPRA R,SPITZ T,WINKENS J,OBIKA A,KELLY C,et al.Predicting conversion to wet age-related macular degeneration using deep learning[J].Nat Med,2020,26(6):892-899.
[10] MILEA D,NAJJAR R P,ZHUBO J,TING D,VASSENEIX C,XU X,et al.Artificial intelligence to detect papilledema from ocular fundus photographs[J].N Engl J Med,2020,382(18):1687-1695.
[11] DEFAUW J,LEDSAM J R,ROMERA-PAREDES B,NIKOLOV S,TOMASEV N,BLACKWELL S,et al.Clinically applicable deep learning for diagnosis and referral in retinal disease[J].Nat Med,2018,24(9):1342-1350.
[12] TING D S W,PASQUALE L R,PENG L,CAMPBELL J P,LEE A Y,RAMAN R,et al.Artificial intelligence and deep learning in ophthalmology[J].Br J Ophthalmol,2019,103(2):167-175.
[13] ABRAMOFF M D,LAVIN P T,BIRCH M,SHAH N,FOLK J C.Pivotal trial of an autonomous AI-based diagnostic system for detection of diabetic retinopathy in primary care offices[J].NPJ Digit Med,2018,1:39.
[14] WEN J C,LEE C S,KEANE P A,XIAO S,ROKEM A S,CHEN P P,et al.Forecasting future humphrey visual fields using deep learning[J].PLoS One,2019,14(4):e0214875.
[15] DECENCIRE E,ZHANG X,CAZUGUEL G,LA B,COCHENER B,TRONE C,et al.Feedback on a publicly distributed image database:the messidor database[J].Image Analy Stereol,2014,33(3):231-234.
[16] NIEMEIJER M, STAAL J J, GINNEKEN B V, LOOG M, ABRAMOFF M D.DRIVE:digital retinal Images for vessel extraction[DB/OL].[2020-10-15].https://drive.grand-challenge.org.
[17] GULSHAN V,PENG L,CORAM M,STUMPE M C,WU D,NARAYANASWAMY A,et al.Development and validation of a deep learning algorithm for detection of diabetic retinopathy in retinal fundus photographs[J].JAMA,2016,316(22):2402-2410.
[18] DECENCIRE E,CAZUGUEL G,ZHANG X,THIBAULT G,KLEIN J C,MEYER F,et al.TeleOphta:machine learning and image processing methods for teleophthalmology[J].IRBM,2013,34(2):196-203.
[19] BURTON M J,FAAL H B,RAMKE J,RAVILLA T,HOLLAND P,WANG N,et al.Announcing the lancet global health commission on global eye health[J].Lanc Glob Health,2019,7(12):e1612-e1613.
[20] Service U D.Data access policy[EB/OL].[2022-10-15].https://www.ukdataservice.ac.uk/get-data/data-access-policy/open-data.aspx.
[21] MILEA D,AZMI S,REGINALD P,VERPILLAT P,FRANCOIS C.A review of accessibility of administrative healthcare databases in the Asia-Pacific region[J].J Mark Access Health Policy,2015,3:PMID27123180.
[22] Biobank[DB/OL].[2022-10-15].http://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk/scientists-3.
[23] Diabetic Retinopathy Detection.Diabetic retinopathy detection[M/OL].[2022-10-15].https://www.kaggle.com/c/diabetic-retinopathy-detection:California Healthcare Foundation.
[24] FUSEK R.MRL eye dataset[DB/OL].[2022-10-15].http://mrl.cs.vsb.cz/eyedataset.
[25] SCANLON P H.The English national screening programme for diabetic retinopathy 2003-2016[J].Acta Diabetol,2017,54(6):515-525.
[26] RIBEIRO L,OLIVEIRA C M,NEVES C,RAMOS J D,FERREIRA H,CUNHA-VAZ J.Screening for diabetic retinopathy in the Central Region of Portugal.Added value of automated ‘disease/no disease’ grading[J].Ophthalmologica,2015,233(2):96-103.
[27] MASSIN P,CHABOUIS A,ERGINAY A,VIENS-BITKER C,LECLEIRE-COLLET A,MEAS T,et al.A telemedical network screening system for diabetic retinopathy in the le-de-France[J].Diabetes Metab,2008,34(3):227-234.
[28] KRAUSE J,GULSHAN V,RAHIMY E,KARTH P,WIDNER K,CORRADO G S,et al.Grader variability and the importance of reference standards for evaluating machine learning models for diabetic retinopathy[J].Ophthalmology,2018,125(8):1264-1272.
[29] BLOG G A.Building Google dataset search and fostering an open data ecosystem[EB/OL].[2022-10-15].https://ai.googleblog. com/2018/09/building-google-dataset-search-and.html.
[30] CHALAKKAL R J,ABDULLA W.Automatic segmentation of retinal vasculature:ICASSP,IEEE international conference on acoustics,speech and signal processing-proceedings[C].New Orleans:ICASSP,2017.
[31] XU X,DING W,WANG X,CAO R,ZHANG M,L P,et al.Smartphone-based accurate analysis of retinal vasculature towards point-of-care diagnostics[J].Sci Rep,2016,6:34603.
[32] GEBRU T,MORGENSTERN J,VECCHIONE B,VAUGHAN J W,WALLACH H,DAUME H,III,et al.Datasheets for datasets:Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Fairness,Accountability,and Transparency in Machine Learning[C].Sweden:Stockholm,2018.
[33] HRYNASZKIEWICZ I,NORTON M L,VICKERS A J,ALTMAN D G.Preparing raw clinical data for publication:guidance for journal editors,authors,and peer reviewers[J].BMJ,2010,340:c181.
[34] YIM J,CHOPRA R,SPITZ T,WINKENS J,OBIKA A,KELLY C,et al.Predicting conversion to wet age-related macular degeneration using deep learning[J].Nat Med,2020,26(6):892-899.
[35] LARRAZABAL A J,NIETO N,PETERSON V,MILONE D H,FERRANTE E.Gender imbalance in medical imaging datasets produces biased classifiers for computer-aided diagnosis[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2020,117(23):12592-12594.
[36] ADAMSON A S,SMITH A.Machine learning and health care disparities in dermatology[J].JAMA Dermatology,2018,154(11):1247-1248.
[37] CHEN I Y,JOSHI S,GHASSEMI M.Treating health disparities with artificial intelligence[J].Nat Med,2020,26(1):16-17.
[38] FLAXMAN S R,BOURNE R R A,RESNIKOFF S,ACKLAND P,BRAITHWAITE T,CICINELLI M V,et al.Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990-2020:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Lancet Glob Health,2017,5(12):e1221-e1234.